I-anionic surfactant equkethwe kuukwakhiwaizithasiselo zingenza izinhlayiya zikasimende zihlakazeke zodwa ukuze amanzi amahhala ahlanganiswe yi-aggregate kasimende akhululwe, futhi i-agglomerated Cement aggregate ihlakazeke ngokuphelele futhi ifakwe kahle emanzini ukuze kuzuzwe isakhiwo esiminyene futhi kwandise amandla odaka, ukuthuthukisa ukungagxili, ukumelana nokuqhekeka kanye ukuqina.
Udaka oluxubene nezithasiselo luyakwazi ukusebenza kahle, izinga eliphezulu lokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukunamathela okuqinile, olungenabuthi, alunangozi, luphephile futhi aluhambisani nemvelo.Ilungele ukukhiqizwa kwamatshe ajwayelekile, ukupulasitela, udaka lomhlabathi kanye nokungangeni kwamanzi emafekthri odaka osekulungele ukuxutshwa, futhi isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezitini zobumba zikakhonkolo, izitini ze-ceramsite, izitini ezingenalutho, izitini zikakhonkolo nezitini ezingashi ezinhlobonhlobo. izakhiwo zezimboni kanye nezomphakathi.Ukwakhiwa kokupulasiteleka kodonga lwangaphakathi nangaphandle, ukuplasta ngokhonkolo olula odongeni, umhlabathi, ukubeka uphahla, udaka olungangeni manzi, njll.
1. I-cellulose ether
Odakeni oseluxubile,i-cellulose etheriyisengezo esiyinhloko esinezelwa ezingeni eliphansi kakhulu, kodwa singathuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo zodaka olumanzi futhi sithinte izakhiwo zokwakha zodaka.Ukukhethwa okunengqondo kwama-cellulose ethers ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene, ama-viscosity ahlukene, ubukhulu bezinhlayiya ezahlukene, amadigri e-viscosity ahlukene kanye namanani okungeziwe kuzoba nomthelela omuhle ekuthuthukisweni kokusebenzaudaka olomile.
Ekukhiqizeni izinto zokwakha, ikakhulukazi udaka olomile, i-cellulose ether idlala indima engenakushintshwa, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizeni udaka olukhethekile (udaka oluguquliwe), luyingxenye ebalulekile futhi ebalulekile.I-Cellulose ether idlala indima yokugcina amanzi, ukuqina, ukubambezeleka kwamandla kasimende okukhipha amanzi, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza komsebenzi wokwakha.Umthamo omuhle wokugcina amanzi wenza ukugeleza kukasimende kuphelele, okungathuthukisa i-viscosity emanzi yodaka olumanzi, kuthuthukise amandla ebhondi odaka, futhi kungalungisa isikhathi sokusebenza.Ukwengezwa kwe-cellulose ethers kuma-spray mortars kungathuthukisa izakhiwo zokufafaza noma ukumpompa kodaka, kanye namandla esakhiwo.Ngakho-ke, i-cellulose ether isetshenziswa kabanzi njengesengezo esibalulekile odakeni oluxubile.
2. I-polymer powder ehlakazeka kabusha
Impushana ye-latex ehlakazeka kabushaiyi-powdery thermoplastic resin etholakala ngokumiswa isifutho nokucutshungulwa okulandelayoi-emulsion ye-polymer.Isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni, ikakhulukazi udaka lwempushana eyomile ukuze lwandeukubumbana, ukubumbana nokuvumelana nezimo.
Indima ye-latex powder ehlakazeka kabusha odakeni: ngemuva kokuhlakazeka kwei-polymer powder ehlakazeka kabusha, yakha ifilimu futhi yenza njenge-adhesive yesibili yokuthuthukisa ukunamathela;i-colloid evikelayo imuncwa uhlelo lodaka futhi ngeke ichithwe ngamanzi ngemva kokwakhiwa kwefilimu noma ukuhlakazeka kwesibili;i-polymer resin eyenza ifilimu isakazwa kulo lonke uhlelo lodaka njengento yokuqinisa, ngaleyo ndlela ikhulise ukuhlangana kodaka.
Odakeni olumanzi, impushana ye-polymer ehlakazekayo ingathuthukisa ukusebenza komsebenzi wokwakha, ithuthukise ukusebenza kokugeleza, ikhuphule i-thixotropy nokumelana ne-sag, ithuthukise ukuhlangana, yelule isikhathi sokuvula, futhi ithuthukise nokugcinwa kwamanzi.Ngemuva kokuthi udaka selashiwe, lungathuthukisa amandla okuqina.Amandla aqinile, amandla okuguquguquka athuthukisiwe, ukwehla kwe-elastic modulus, ukukhubazeka okukhulayo, ukuminyana kwezinto ezibonakalayo, ukwanda kokumelana nokuguga, ukukhuphuka kwamandla okubumbana, ukuncipha kokujula kwe-carbonization, ukuncipha kokumuncwa kwamanzi okubonakalayo, futhi kwenza izinto ezibonakalayo zibe impahla ye-hydrophobic ngokwedlulele nokunye.
I-ejenti yokungenisa umoya, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-aerating agent, isho ukwethulwa kwenqwaba yamabhamuza omoya amancane asatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo ngesikhathi sokuxuba udaka, okunganciphisa ukushuba kwesimo samanzi odaka, okuholela ekuhlakazekeni okungcono kanye nokuhlakazeka. ukunciphisa ingxube yodaka.Izithasiselo zokopha nokuhlukanisa.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwethulwa kwamabhamuza omoya amahle futhi azinzile nakho kuthuthukisa ukusebenza.Inani lomoya owethulwe lincike ohlotsheni lodaka kanye nemishini yokuxuba esetshenzisiwe.
Nakuba inani le-ejenti yokungenisa umoya lincane kakhulu, i-ejenti yokungenisa umoya inethonya elikhulu ekusebenzeni kodaka oluxutshwe ngomumo.Ingathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukusebenza kodaka oluxubekile, ithuthukise ukungagxili kanye nokumelana nesithwathwa sodaka, futhi yehlise ukuminyana kodaka., gcina izinto zokwakha futhi ukwandise indawo yokwakha, kodwa ukwengezwa kwe-ejenti yokungenisa umoya kuzonciphisa amandla odaka, ikakhulukazi udaka oluphikisana nokucindezela.Ngakho-ke, inani le-ejenti yokungenisa umoya kufanele lilawulwe ngokuqinile, kanye nokuqukethwe komoya kodaka, ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kanye namandla ahlobene nokunquma inani eliphelele lokwengeza.
4. I-ejenti yamandla yangaphambi kwesikhathi
I-ejenti yamandla yokuqala iyisengezo esingasheshisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla okuqala odaka.Iningi lazo ama-electrolyte angaphili, kanti amanye angama-organic compounds.
I-ejenti yamandla yokuqala yodaka oluxubekile idingeka ukuthi ibe yimpushana futhi yome.I-calcium formate isetshenziswa kakhulu odakeni oseluvele luxubene.I-calcium formate ingathuthukisa amandla okuqala odaka futhi isheshise ukugeleza kwe-tricalcium silicate, enomphumela othile wokunciphisa amanzi, futhi izakhiwo ezingokomzimba ze-calcium formate zizinzile ekamelweni lokushisa.Akulula ukwenza i-agglomerate, futhi ifaneleka kakhulu ukuthi ifakwe ku-powder mortar omile.
5. I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi
I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanziibhekisela esenzweni esinganciphisa inani lokuxutshwa kwamanzi ngaphansi kwesimo sokuthi ukuvumelana kodaka ngokuyisisekelo kuyafana.Ama-Superplasticizersngokuvamile ama-surfactants, angahlukaniswa abe: ama-superplasticizer avamile, ama-superplasticizers, ama-superplasticizers anamandla okuqala, ama-superplasticizer ahlehlisayo, ama-superplasticizer ahlehlisayo, nama-superplasticizers ngokwemisebenzi yawo.
I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi esetshenziselwa udaka oseluxubile kudingeka ibe yimpuphu futhi yome.I-ejenti enjalo yokunciphisa amanzi ingahlakazwa ngokulinganayo odakeni lwempushana eyomile ngaphandle kokunciphisa impilo yeshalofu yodaka oluhlanganisiwe.Njengamanje, ukusetshenziswa kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi odakeni oluxutshwe ngomumo kuvame ukuzilinganisa usimende, ukuzilinganisa kwe-gypsum, udaka lwe-batch scraping, udaka olungangeni manzi, i-putty, njll. Ukukhethwa kwe-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi kuncike ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezahlukene kanye izakhiwo ezahlukene zodaka.ngokuzikhethela.
Izithasiselo zodaka ezisele zixubene nazo zihlanganisa ama-retarders, ama-accelerator,imicu, amafutha e-thixotropic, ama-defoaming agents, njll, anezelwa ngokwezinhlobo ezahlukene zodaka.Lezi zithako zisetshenziswa odakeni oseluvele luxubene ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza okufana nesinongo sokupheka ukudla.Yengezwa ezitsheni ukuze kukhanye umbala wezitsha, ukwandise ukunambitheka, nokukhiya umsoco, ukuze izinhlobo ezahlukene zeosimende osulungileingadlala indima engcono.Isikhali somlingo sokusetshenziswa kangcono kumaphrojekthi wodaka olomile oluxubile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-11-2023